The long life-time shadow of bullying: cost-effectiveness of KiVa to reduce bullying in primary schools

BackgroundThe ‘long shadow’ of childhood bullying can extend beyond immediate adverse mental health and educational outcomes well into adulthood, with associated long-term social care costs. Reducing is therefore a public priority. KiVa, school-based anti-bullying programme, effective in reducing schools Finland currently being tested the UK through large-scale Stand Together trial. MethodsThe trial two-arm, pragmatic multicentre cluster randomised controlled (RCT) to test effectiveness cost-effectiveness KiVa primary compared usual practice over one academic year. The targeting approximately 13,000 7- 11-year-olds 116 across England Wales, including North West Midlands, South East- England. Usual defined as delivery Personal Social Education (PSE) curriculum Wales Personal, Social, Health Economic (PSHE) To assess cost-effectiveness, we are conducting cost-utility analysis wider cost-consequence from school societal perspective. Pupil self-reported health-related quality life (CHU9D) outcome enable calculation quality-adjusted years (QALYs) an Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ICER). will consider other such pupil bullying-victimisation, absence bullying-related service use, teacher wellbeing frequency parent-school meetings regarding bullying. calculations include time resources required implement versus practice, cost training. We undertake sensitivity explore impact assumptions about dose intervention, adherence, costs delivery. Our analyses provide first RCT-based evidence schools.